At a distance of 70 kilometers from the center of Baku, there is a real historical and archaeological treasure of the country, which is called Gobustan. The name “Gobustan” means “valley of ravines” or “land of ravines”, since “Gobu” means a ravine, a depression, and “stan” is a land or a country.
Gobustan National Park is world famous for its rock paintings.
More than 40 thousand years BC, the ancient people, who were looking for shelter, stopped here, forming tribes. This is not strange, because it was on the Caspian coast in this valley of ravines that they had everything to ensure life.
The first archaeological excavations in Gobustan began in 1939 by the Azerbaijani archaeologist Iskhak Jafarzade. He studied the territory with a total area of 537 hectares, where in the mountains of Gobustan called Boyukdash, Kichikdash, Jingyldag, Shikhgaya and Shongardag, he discovered 3500 rock paintings, sites of an ancient man, many tombstones and even several mounds. In 1948, an inscription in Latin was found, which confirms the presence of one of the Roman legions in the territory of Gobustan, and there is also an inscription in Persian dating back to the 14th century.
In total, about 6000 rock paintings were found in Gobustan, which archaeologists call “petroglyphs”.
In 2007 National Park was included in the UNESCO World Heritages.
This is one of the most popular places for lovers of history and archeology.

In 2007, the National Park was included in the UNESCO World Heritage List. This is one of the most popular places for lovers of history and archaeology.
The thousand-year history of Azerbaijan let us know that here at different times people worshiped different religions. Among them were religions like paganism, Judaism, Christianity as well as Zoroastrianism. Zoroastrianism is a religion based on fire worship. Fire worship originated in the first millennium BC, and according to some sources, Zoroaster, who was the main prophet of fire worship, came from Azerbaijan. Also, as in many mature religions, Zoroastrianism has the concept of good and evil, and good always overcomes evil. The god of right deeds, goodness and justice was called Ahura Mazda. And the god of anger, evil and bad deeds was called Ahriman. Naturally, there were many more followers of Ahura Mazda than the god of evil, so good always defeats evil and the followers of good and faithful deeds will find eternal life and happiness in the next world.
27 kilometers from the central streets of Baku in the settlement of Mehemmedi there is a limestone mountain on the slope of which a hot gaseous medium flares up. This eternal flame includes Yanardag, which means fiery mountain. Scientists have determined that the eternal fire is about 5000 years old and it was he who served as a source of inspiration for fire worshipers in Azerbaijan. The fiery mountain was formed during a thunderstorm when lightning struck the trees near the mountainside and the flames flared up due to a leak of fuel supply gas. Azerbaijan has a large number of sources of gas in the form of a flame. Not for nothing is Azerbaijan called the “land of fires”